Do cells always have the same amount of cytosine and guanine molecules?
The rules of base pairing explain the phenomenon that whatever the amount of adenine (A) in the DNA of an organism, the amount of thymine (T) is the same (Chargaff’s rule). Similarly, whatever the amount of guanine (G), the amount of cytosine (C) is the same.
What are the four base pairs of DNA?
There are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases form specific pairs (A with T, and G with C).
What do adenine and thymine have in common?
There are four nitrogenous bases found in DNA that are called guanine, adenine, thymine and cytosine. Each nucleotide base can hydrogen-bond with a specific partner base in a process known as complementary base pairing: Cytosine forms three hydrogen bonds with guanine, and adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine.
What is the purpose of adenine?
Adenine is also used elsewhere in the cell, not just in DNA and RNA, but it’s part of the molecule adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy source for the cell. So adenine plays a dual role in the cell: it’s used for building DNA and RNA, but it’s also used at storing energy in the cell.
What does adenine pair up with?
The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and cytosine forming a base pair with guanine.
What is the function of a sperm cell?
A sperm cell consists of two parts, the head and the tail. The overall structure of the sperm makes it perfectly designed to carry out its function. The primary function of the sperm is to pass on the necessary biological information required to produce a new organism.
How big is a sperm cell?
A human sperm cell consists of a flat, disc shaped head 5.1 µm by 3.1 µm and a tail 50 µm long. The tail flagellates, which propels the sperm cell (at about 1–3 mm/minute in humans) by whipping in an elliptical cone.